Bioindication methods in environmental engineering

• Published in: IOP conference series. Materials Science and Engineering Vol. 862; no. 6; pp. 62009 - 62014
• Main Authors: Esyakova, O A, Voronin, V M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bristol IOP Publishing 01.05.2020
• Subjects: Air pollution; Assimilation; Bioaccumulation; Biosynthesis; Environmental engineering; Human influences; Metabolites; Parameter estimation; Phenols; Pollutants; Pollution monitoring
• ISSN: 1757-8981; 1757-899X
• DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/862/6/062009

One of the activities in the field of environmental engineering is the monitoring of environmental pollution, in which a preliminary stage is carried out - bioindication studies. The Siberian spruce assimilation apparatus is a very reliable tool for the air environment estimation because of high sensitivity to pollutants and the possibility to perform an annual observation. The system of aerogenic pollution estimation in terms of biochemical parameters deviations is considered to be rather reliable. The anthropogenic air pollution leads to the change of the plant metabolism. The increase of the terpenoid compounds content in the needles is due to their biosynthesis intensification as the response of the plant to an unfavorable environment. Under similar conditions other secondary metabolites - phenol substances - are accumulated in tissues. The phenol compounds content in the Siberian spruce assimilation apparatus is increased by more than 60% in the polluted areas compared with the background one. The pigment system of the assimilation apparatus is influenced by the air pollution as well. This study suggests the Siberian spruce assimilation apparatus to be an indicator of air pollution. Results of its composition research and morphometric parameters give a full picture about environment condition.