Association of Baseline Pre-Diagnosis and Post-Diagnosis Obesity and Weight Change with Cardiovascular Risk and Survival Among Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer Survivors

• Published in: Clinical genitourinary cancer Vol. 22; no. 3; p. 102057
• Main Authors: Dindinger-Hill, Kassandra, Hu, Siqi, Hickman, Atticus, Choudry, Mouneeb, Vehawn, Jeffrey, Snyder, John, Deshmukh, Vikrant, Newman, Michael, Date, Ankita, Galvao, Carlos, Kohli, Manish, O'Neil, Brock, Schmidt, Bogdana, Dechet, Christopher, Hashibe, Mia, Sanchez, Alejandro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.06.2024
• Subjects: Aged; Cancer Survivors - statistics & numerical data; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology; Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology; Cardiovascular Diseases - mortality; Follow-Up Studies; Heart Disease Risk Factors; Humans; Lifestyle; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity - complications; Obesity - epidemiology; Obesity - mortality; Prostatic neoplasms; Prostatic Neoplasms - diagnosis; Prostatic Neoplasms - mortality; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Utah - epidemiology; Weight Gain; Weight Loss; Utah; Cardiovascular diseases; Lifestyle; Prostatic neoplasms
• ISSN: 1558-7673; 1938-0682
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2024.02.008

•Five thousand seventy-seven patients with localized prostate cancer with median 15.5 years follow-up.•Obesity increased risk for all-cause and cardiovascular disease specific mortality.•Obesity and weight gain did not increase prostate cancer specific mortality.•An increased emphasis on weight management may improve mortality. Obesity in prostate cancer survivors may increase mortality. Better characterization of this effect may allow better counseling on obesity as a targetable lifestyle factor to reduce mortality in prostate cancer survivors. The purpose of this study was to determine whether pre- and post-diagnostic obesity and weight change affect all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease specific mortality, and prostate cancer specific mortality in patients with nonmetastatic prostate cancer. We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of 5,077 patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer from 1997 to 2017 with median follow-up of 15.5 years. The Utah Population Database linked to the Utah Cancer Registry was used to identify patients at a variety of treatment centers. Pre-diagnosis obesity was associated with a 62% increased risk of cardiovascular disease specific mortality and a 34% increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.05-2.50; HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.07-1.67, respectively). Post-diagnosis obesity increased the risk of cardiovascular disease specific mortality (HR 1.83, 95% CI 1.31-2.56) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.16-1.64) relative to non-obese men. We found no association between pre-diagnostic obesity or post-diagnostic weight gain and prostate cancer specific mortality. Our study strengthens the conclusion that pre-, post-diagnostic obesity and weight gain increase cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality but not prostate cancer specific mortality compared to healthy weight men. An increased emphasis on weight management may improve mortality for prostate cancer survivors who are obese. Obesity in prostate cancer survivors may increase mortality. We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of 5,077 patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer from 1997 to 2017. We found post-diagnosis obesity increased the risk of cardiovascular disease specific and all-cause mortality relative to non-obese men. An increased emphasis on weight management may improve mortality for prostate cancer survivors who are obese.