Associations of global biomarkers of oxidative stress with osteoporosis, bone microstructure and bone turnover: Evidence from human and animal studies

• Published in: Bone (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 183; p. 117077
• Main Authors: Shen, Xue, Zhang, Mengmeng, Cai, Hanqing, Leslie, William D., Lix, Lisa M., Jiang, Depeng, Feng, Lijie, Cheng, Haitao, Shi, Xianbao, Gao, Yuzhong, Yang, Shuman
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.06.2024
• Subjects: Animals; Biomarkers; Bone Density; Bone microstructure; Bone Remodeling; Bone turnover; Case-Control Studies; Fluorescent oxidation products; Galactose; Humans; Male; Osteoporosis; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Osteoporosis; Oxidative stress; Bone microstructure; Bone turnover; Fluorescent oxidation products
• ISSN: 8756-3282; 1873-2763
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117077

Human evidence on the association between oxidative stress and osteoporosis is inconsistent. Fluorescent Oxidation Products (FlOPs) are global biomarkers of oxidative stress. We examined the associations of FlOPs (excitation/emission wavelengths 320/420 nm for FlOP_320, 360/420 nm for FlOP_360, and 400/475 nm for FlOP_400) with osteoporosis, bone microstructure, and bone turnover markers in humans and rats. In humans, we conducted a 1:2 age, sex, hospital, and specimen-matched case-control study to test the association between FlOPs and osteoporosis diagnosed from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In eight-week-old male Wistar rats, we administrated D-galactose and 0.9 % saline for 90 days in treatment and control groups (n = 8/group); micro-CT was used to determine bone microstructure. In humans, higher levels of FlOP_320 (OR for per 1 SD increase = 1.49, 95 % CI: 1.01–2.20) and FlOP_360 (OR for per 1 SD increase = 1.59, 95 % CI: 1.07–2.37) were associated with increased odds of osteoporosis. FlOP_400 were not associated with osteoporosis. D-galactose treated rats, as compared with control rats, showed higher levels of FlOP_320 and MDA, and lower P1NP levels during 90 days of experiment (all P < 0.05). The D-galactose group had lower trabecular bone volume fraction (0.07 ± 0.03 vs. 0.13 ± 0.05; P = 0.008) and volumetric BMD (225.4 ± 13.8 vs. 279.1 ± 33.2 mg HA/cm3; P = 0.001) than the control group. In conclusion, higher FlOP_320 levels were associated with increased odds of osteoporosis, impaired bone microstructure and decreased bone formation. •Fluorescent Oxidation Products (FlOPs) are global biomarkers of oxidative stress.•FlOPs at 320/420 nm (FlOP_320) were positively associated with osteoporosis.•Greater levels of FlOP_320 were associated with impaired bone microstructure.•Higher levels of FlOP_320 were associated with decreased bone formation.