Third Generation of Working Fluids for Advanced Refrigeration Heating and Power Generation Technologies

Since the 1987 Montreal Protocol, chlorinated refrigerants (CFCs and HCFCs) have been pointed out as responsible for the destruction of the ozone layer. The chemical industry has realized suitable replacement for CFC-12 and for HCFC-22 e.g. HFC-134a, HFC-404A, HFC-410A, HFC-507. This generation of r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inKey engineering materials Vol. 839; pp. 51 - 56
Main Authors Sharkov, Alexander V., Tsvetkov, Oleg B., Baranov, Igor V., Laptev, Yuriy A., Fedorov, Alexey V., Mitropov, Vladimir V.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Zurich Trans Tech Publications Ltd 01.04.2020
Subjects
Ammonia
Carbon dioxide
Chemical industry
Chlorofluorocarbons
Electric power generation
Flammability
Global warming
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons
Hydrofluorocarbons
Low temperature
Ozone
Ozonosphere
Refrigerants
Refrigeration
Working fluids
Hydrofluoroolefins
Global Warming
Ozone Depletion Potential
Refrigerant
Halogenated Hydrocarbons
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Summary:Since the 1987 Montreal Protocol, chlorinated refrigerants (CFCs and HCFCs) have been pointed out as responsible for the destruction of the ozone layer. The chemical industry has realized suitable replacement for CFC-12 and for HCFC-22 e.g. HFC-134a, HFC-404A, HFC-410A, HFC-507. This generation of refrigerants developed by the chemical industry can be characterized by the no ozone depleting potential and long atmospheric lifetime resulting in global warming potential. The contribution of the HFCs to the global warming brings up to discussion whether the HFCs should be considered as a transitional substance. Historically the use of natural and ecologically safe refrigerants was a strategy to eliminate environmental problems and avoid uncertainties with synthetic replacement fluids. Since ammonia is toxic, carbon dioxide provide high pressure, and the hydrocarbons are flammable, the general conclusion is often drawn that natural fluids gave safety problems. This paper will describe the possibilities of application as working fluids in low-temperature engineering refrigeration, heat pumping and organic Rankine cycles of the hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) as third generation of synthetic working fluids.
Bibliography:Selected, peer reviewed papers from the International Scientific and Practical Conference "Materials Science, Mechanical Engineering and Energy: Problems and Prospects for Development" (MSMEE 2019), June 27-28, 2019, Barnaul, Russia
ISSN:1013-9826
1662-9795
1662-9795
DOI:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.839.51