The possibilities of impulse oscillometry in the diagnosis of the lung function disorders after COVID-19

• Published in: Terapevtic̆eskii arhiv Vol. 95; no. 11; pp. 924 - 929
• Main Authors: Savushkina, O I, Astanin, P A, Nekludova, G V, Avdeev, S N, Zaytsev, A A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Russian; English
• Published: Russia (Federation) "Consilium Medicum" Publishing house 22.12.2023
• Subjects: covid-19; COVID-19 - diagnosis; COVID-19 Testing; Humans; impulse oscillometry; Lung; lung diffusion capacity; Middle Aged; Oscillometry - methods; pulmonary functional tests; Respiratory Function Tests - methods; restrictive pattern; Spirometry - methods; COVID-19; lung diffusion capacity; impulse oscillometry; pulmonary functional tests; restrictive pattern
• ISSN: 0040-3660; 2309-5342
• DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2023.11.202474

Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is an effort independent method of studying lung mechanics. To study the diagnostic significance of IOS in assessing lung mechanics after COVID-19. Spirometry, body plethysmography, diffusion test (DLco), IOS parameters were analyzed in 315 patients (the median age 48 years), the median period from the beginning of COVID-19 to the study was 50 days. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and one-dimensional logistic regression analysis with an assessment of odds ratios. In general group, spirometry and body plethysmography parameters were in normal values, while DLCO was reduced in 61% of patients. Parameters of IOS were analyzed in the general group and between the groups, depending on the value of DLco and total lung capacity (TLC): normal or reduced. In general group, reactance area (AX), hererogeneity of resistance Rrs5-Rrs20, resistance at 5 Hz (Rrs5), reactance at 5 Hz (ΔXrs5) were increased in 29.8%, 17.8%, 6%, 4.8% of patients, respectively, and were statistically significantly higher in the group with reduced TLC, whereas in the group with reduced DLco AX, Rrs5-Rrs20 were statistically significantly higher. Logistic regression analysis showed that patients with Rrs5-Rrs20>0.07 kPa×sec/l or AX>0.32 kPa/l had a 1.99-fold and 2.24-fold increased risk for decrease DLco, respectively, while the risk of decrease in TLC was 2.25-fold (p=0.012) and 3.16-fold (p<0.001) higher, respectively. IOS allow to detect both dysfunction of small airways (if AX or Rrs5-Rrs20 are increased) and the risk of restrictive pattern and lung diffusion impairment after COVID-19.