Graphdiyne oxide nanosheets reprogram immunosuppressive macrophage for cancer immunotherapy

• Published in: Nano today Vol. 45; p. 101543
• Main Authors: Guo, Mengyu, Liu, Jing, Chen, Xi, You, Zhen, Gao, Fene, Liu, Tao, Ren, Jiayu, Liu, Jiaming, Xiong, Zecheng, Liu, Ying, Wang, Yaling, Liu, Huibiao, Chang, Xueling, Cai, Rong, Chen, Chunying
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.08.2022
• Subjects: Cancer immunotherapy; Graphdiyne oxide; Macrophage polarization; T cell; Graphdiyne oxide; Macrophage polarization; Cancer immunotherapy; T cell
• ISSN: 1748-0132; 1878-044X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2022.101543

Graphdiyne oxide (GDYO) nanosheets have remarkable electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties, which is hoped to act a better alternative for biomedical applications. Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) is a promising cell population for nanotechnology application to cancer immunotherapy. In the present study, we found M2-like macrophages can be polarized to kill cancer cells with GDYO treatment via activation of pro-inflammatory pathways and GDYO injected intraperitoneally reduced tumor growth in a melanoma-bearing mouse model. In addition, GDYO activated cytotoxic T cells either directly or indirectly via macrophages, enhancing checkpoint inhibitor response in a breast cancer model. We expect that GDYO has invoked both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system that are likely to enhance efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. [Display omitted] •GDYO-induced macrophage polarization was in a STAT3-TLR/MAPK forward feedback loop.•Anti-tumor effects of GDYO were consistent with the involvement of both macrophage and CD8+ T cell.•An effective strategy combining GDYO nanosheets with anti-PDL1 antibody boosting the efficacy of immunotherapy was proposed.