Modulating the catalytic activities of nanozymes for molecular sensing

• Published in: Nano today Vol. 56; p. 102276
• Main Authors: Zare, Iman, Choi, Daeeun, Zhang, Jinyi, Yaraki, Mohammad Tavakkoli, Ghaee, Azadeh, Nasab, Shima Zahed, Taheri-Ledari, Reza, Maleki, Ali, Rahi, Amid, Fan, Kelong, Lee, Jinwoo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2024
• Subjects: Charge-transfer interactions; Ionic liquids; Molecular sensing; Nanozymes; Photo-modulation; Plasmonic excitations; Ionic liquids; Plasmonic excitations; Photo-modulation; Nanozymes; Molecular sensing; Charge-transfer interactions
• ISSN: 1748-0132; 1878-044X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2024.102276

Nanomaterials as artificial enzymes (nanozymes) have aroused extensive research interest owing to their highly stable, long storage period, and low-cost alternatives to enzymes. Recent significant advances in nanozymes open up new opportunities for the development of nanozymes in a wide range of applications due to their ultra-small size, good stability, and high biocompatibility. Many efforts have been devoted to the exploration of enzyme mimetic activities and their diverse applications by modulating the catalytic activities of nanozyme. In this review, practical introduction to the identification effect of the bio-templates (e.g., biopolymers and hybrid biomolecules) on the biocatalytic performances of nanozymes is summarized. Then, the focus is on exciting advances of three efficient modulators in the nanozymes to improve the performance of catalytic activities in molecular sensing systems, including photo-modulation, plasmonic excitations, and charge-transfer interactions. Furthermore, we briefly describe the state-of-the-art advances in nanozyme-based molecular sensing of certain nanozymes as probes for the detection of cancer biomarkers, antioxidants, neurotransmitters, antibiotics, and toxin molecules. Eventually, it is anticipated to shed light on the further development of nanozymes for molecular detection by highlighting the current challenges and prospects for modulating the catalytic activities of diverse nanomaterials. [Display omitted] •The effect of the bio-templates on the biocatalytic performances of nanozymes has been reviewed.•The effects of photo-modulation, plasmonic excitations, and charge-transfer interactions activity have been discussed.•Nanozyme-based biosensors for the detection of various biologically important molecules were highlighted.