Antioxidant and Anti-Obesity Effects of Juglans mandshurica in 3T3-L1 Cells and High-Fat Diet Obese Rats

• Published in: Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol. 34; no. 3; pp. 634 - 643
• Main Authors: Choi, Da-Hye, Hong, Min, Kwon, Tae-Hyung, Lee, Soo-Ung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology 28.03.2024
• Subjects: 3T3-L1 Cells; Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase - metabolism; Adipocytes; Adipogenesis; Animals; Anti-Obesity Agents - chemistry; Antioxidants - metabolism; Antioxidants - pharmacology; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha - metabolism; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha - pharmacology; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha - therapeutic use; Diet, High-Fat - adverse effects; Juglans - metabolism; Mice; Obesity - drug therapy; Obesity - metabolism; Plant Extracts - metabolism; PPAR gamma - metabolism; Rats; Research article; antioxidant; lipogenesis; Anti-obesity; adipogenesis; Juglans mandshurica Maxim
• ISSN: 1017-7825; 1738-8872
• DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2311.11032

Maxim. walnut (JMW) is well-known for the treatment of dermatosis, cancer, gastritis, diarrhea, and leukorrhea in Korea. However, the molecular mechanism underlying its anti-obesity activity remains unknown. In the current study, we aimed to determine whether JMW can influence adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and high-fat diet rats and determine the antioxidant activity. The 20% ethanol extract of JMW (JMWE) had a total polyphenol content of 133.33 ± 2.60 mg GAE/g. Considering the antioxidant capacity, the ABTS and DPPH values of 200 μg/ml of JMWE were 95.69 ± 0.94 and 79.38 ± 1.55%, respectively. To assess the anti-obesity activity of JMWE, we analyzed the cell viability, fat accumulation, and adipogenesis-related factors, including CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP1c), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). We found that total lipid accumulation and triglyceride levels were reduced, and the fat accumulation rate decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, JMWE suppressed adipogenesis-related factors C/EBPα, PPARγ, and SREBP1c, as well as FAS and ACC, both related to lipogenesis. Moreover, animal experiments revealed that JMWE could be employed to prevent and treat obesity-related diseases. Hence, JMWE could be developed as a healthy functional food and further explored as an anti-obesity drug.