Effect of using borax decahydrate as nanomaterials additive diesel fuel on diesel engine performance and emissions

• Published in: Energy (Oxford) Vol. 266; p. 126412
• Main Authors: Özer, Salih, Demir, Usame, Koçyiğit, Serhat
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.03.2023
• Subjects: Borax decahydrate; Diesel emissions; Diesel engine; Diesel engine; Diesel emissions; Borax decahydrate
• ISSN: 0360-5442
• DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.126412

Today, the increase in fuel consumption with the increasing number of vehicles has increased the efforts to make the engines more efficient. Diesel engines are subject to severe restrictions due to the emission problem. Although there is an emission problem, it is widely used especially in freight transportation. Many studies on diesel engines emission problems are made by academicians and manufacturers. In this sense, many studies have been carried out by adding nanomaterials to diesel fuel to reduce emissions in diesel engines. In this study, borax decahydrate as a fuel additive was studied in a diesel single-cylinder engine. Borax decahydrate was dissolved in 500 ml of methanol, 5 gr, 15 gr and 25 gr, and methanol was added to 10% diesel. To be 90% Diesel +10% Methanol (D90M10) 90% Diesel 10% Methanol + 1 gr Borax decahydrate (D90M10B1) 90% Diesel 10% Methanol + 3 gr Borax decahydrate (D90M10B2) 90% Diesel 10% Methanol + 5 gr Borax decahydrate (D90M10B3) four different fuel mixtures were tested. The experimental test measured in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate, fuel consumption, power, torque, exhaust gas temperature, smoke opacity, and exhaust emissions. Due to the rich oxygen content of borax decahydrate, it has been observed to reduce emissions, excluding NOx emissions. There was an increase in exhaust temperature, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and a serious decrease in HC, CO, brake-specific fuel consumption, and smoke opacity values. Studies should be expanded and enriched with different mixing ratios and usage patterns of boron-doped fuels in the future. •An improvement in emissions and performance was expected by adding borax decahydrate to diesel fuel.•The addition of methanol to diesel fuel generally deteriorated engine performance.•HC and CO emissions decreased and CO2 and NOx emissions increased with borax decahydrate.•The addition of urea and its mixtures to diesel fuel increased fuel consumption.•The use of borax decahydrate with biodiesel and its ideal ratio can be determined.