Perturbation solution of the multiphase flows of third grade dispersions suspended with Hafnium and crystal particles

• Published in: Surfaces and interfaces Vol. 22; p. 100803
• Main Authors: Nazeer, Mubbashar, Hussain, Farooq, Shahzad, Qasiar, Khan, M. Ijaz, Kadry, Seifedine, Chu, Yu-Ming
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01.02.2021
• Subjects: Bi-phase flow; Dispersions; Gravitational force; Steep channel; Third grade fluid; Gravitational force; Bi-phase flow; Third grade fluid; Dispersions; Steep channel
• ISSN: 2468-0230; 2468-0230
• DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2020.100803

The current communication is a comparative analysis of multiphase flows through a steep channel. Third-grade fluid m is taken as the base liquid which suspends with Hafnium (Hf) particles and crystal particles. Bi-phase flows also experience the impact externally applied magnetic field that acts in the transverse direction to the flow. Highly nonlinear differential equation subject to given boundary conditions is solved analytically by using regular perturbation method. Further, a numerical solution is also obtained, and found both solutions in full agreement. Moreover, non-Newtonian multiphase flows have been compared with Newtonian multiphase flows, as well. The comparison reveals that the performance of Newtonian particulate flow is better than the one suspended with Third-grade fluid. Nevertheless, Hafnium metallic particles are more suitable for multiphase suspension as compared to crystal particles. This prominent feature is owing to the density of the metal that suggests that Hafnium alloy is the most appropriate application in the nuclear reactors, as a coolant. Further, it is observed that the velocity field declines against rising values of Hartmann and Froude numbers.