Formate diffusion engineering of hole transport layer for highly efficient N-I-P perovskite solar cells

• Published in: Materials today physics Vol. 28; p. 100886
• Main Authors: Qu, Duo, Wang, Yi, Dong, Shuxin, Zhou, Bin, Wang, Chenhui, He, Zhenhua, Zhang, Xinyue, Liu, Feipeng, Tu, Yongguang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2022
• Subjects: Diffusion; Formate; Interface; Perovskite solar cells; Spiro-OMeTAD; Spiro-OMeTAD; Formate; Diffusion; Interface; Perovskite solar cells
• ISSN: 2542-5293; 2542-5293
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mtphys.2022.100886

The dominant hole transport material in the state-of-the-art n-i-p perovskite solar cells (PSCs) mainly is Spiro-OMeTAD, which suffer from the instability issue caused by the intrinsic nature of additives and dopants. Here, a formate diffusion engineering of Spiro-OMeTAD is proposed to improve the stability and performance of PSCs. By adding a novel bis(trifluoromethyl)benzylamine formate into the Spiro-OMeTAD, both the conductivity and hole mobility of the Spiro-OMeTAD layer are enhanced. Results of ionic distribution profiling validate evidence of formate diffusion from the Spiro-OMeTAD layer into the perovskite bulk. The diffused formate could effectively reduce the interfacial non-radiative recombination of perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD interface and adjust the interfacial energy level, thus enhancing the carrier extraction. This concurrent Spiro-OMeTAD engineering and surface passivation scheme renders higher efficiency in n-i-p PSCs. This formate diffusion strategy, which synergistically couples electrical property of hole conductor and defect passivation of perovskite layer, could open a route to develop high-performance optoelectronic devices. [Display omitted] •A formate diffusion strategy to improve performance of the Spiro-OMeTAD is proposed.•The conductivity and hole mobility of the Spiro-OMeTAD layer are enhanced.•The diffused formate could reduce the interfacial non-radiative recombination.•The regular n-i-p PSCs with large enhancements in efficiency and operational reliability.