Multi-omics integrated analyses indicated that non-polysaccharides of Sijunzi decoction ameliorated spleen deficiency syndrome via regulating microbiota-gut-metabolites axis and exerted synergistic compatibility

• Published in: Journal of ethnopharmacology Vol. 331; p. 118276
• Main Authors: Dong, Bangjian, Peng, Ying, Wang, Mengyue, Peng, Chongsheng, Li, Xiaobo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ireland Elsevier B.V 15.09.2024
• Subjects: Animals; Compatibility rationality; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synergism; Drugs, Chinese Herbal - pharmacology; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects; Gut microbiota; Male; Metabolism; Metabolomics; Molecular Docking Simulation; Multiomics; Non-polysaccharides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sijunzi decoction; Spleen - drug effects; Spleen - metabolism; Spleen deficiency syndrome; Splenic Diseases - drug therapy; Gut microbiota; Sijunzi decoction; Non-polysaccharides; Metabolism; Spleen deficiency syndrome; Compatibility rationality
• ISSN: 0378-8741; 1872-7573; 1872-7573
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118276

As a classical traditional Chinese medicine formula to invigorating spleen and replenishing qi, Sijunzi decoction (SJZD) is composed of four herbs, which is applied to cure spleen deficiency syndrome (SDS) clinically. The non-polysaccharides (NPSs) of SJZD (SJZD_NPS) are important pharmacodynamic material basis. However, the amelioration mechanism of SJZD_NPS on SDS has not been fully elaborated. Additionally, the contribution of herbs compatibility to efficacy of this formula remains unclear. The aim was to explore the underlying mechanisms of SJZD_NPS on improving SDS, and uncover the scientific connotation in SJZD compatibility. A strategy integrating incomplete formulae (called “Chai-fang” in Chinese) comparison, pharmacodynamics, gut microbiome, and metabolome was employed to reveal the role of each herb to SJZD compatibility against SDS. Additionally, the underlying mechanism harbored by SJZD_NPS was further explored through targeted metabolomics, network pharmacology, molecular docking, pseudo-sterile model, and metagenomics. SJZD_NPS significantly alleviated diarrhea, disordered secretion of gastrointestinal hormones and neurotransmitters, damage of ileal morphology and intestinal barrier in SDS rats, which was superior to the NPSs of Chai-fang. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics analyses revealed that SJZD_NPS effectively restored the disturbed gut microbiota community and abnormal metabolism caused by SDS, showing the most evident recovery. Moreover, SJZD_NPS recalled the levels of partial amino acids, short chain fatty acids and bile acids, which possessed strong binding affinity towards potential targets. The depletion of gut microbiota confirmed that the SDS-amelioration efficacy of SJZD_NPS is dependent on the intact gut microbiome, with the relative abundance of potential probiotics such as Lactobacillus_johnsonii and Lactobacillus_taiwanensis been enriched. NPSs in SJZD can improve SDS-induced gastrointestinal-nervous system dysfunction through regulating microbiota-gut-metabolites axis, with four herbs exerting synergistic effects, which indicated the compatibility rationality of SJZD. [Display omitted] •SJZD_NPS significantly alleviated the gastrointestinal dysfunction caused by SDS.•SJZD_NPS ameliorated the chaos of gut microbiome and metabolism in SDS rats.•SJZD showed compatibility rationality, with herb-herb interactions been revealed.•The SDS amelioration effect of SJZD_NPS was gut microbiota dependent.