Desmopressin acetate following cardiopulmonary bypass: Evaluation of coagulation parameters

• Published in: Journal of cardiothoracic anesthesia Vol. 3; no. 6; pp. 726 - 729
• Main Authors: Brown, Marc R., Swygert, Thomas H., Whitten, Charles W., Hebeler, Robert
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Orlando, FL Elsevier Inc 01.12.1989; Grune & Stratton
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Blood Coagulation - drug effects; Blood Platelets - drug effects; Blood. Blood coagulation. Reticuloendothelial system; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Coronary Artery Bypass; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin - therapeutic use; Double-Blind Method; Female; Hematocrit; Humans; Hypertension - etiology; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Partial Thromboplastin Time; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Placebos; Platelet Count - drug effects; Thrombelastography; Whole Blood Coagulation Time; Cardiopulmonary bypass; Human; Cardiovascular disease; Thromboelastography; Intravenous administration; Coagulation
• ISSN: 0888-6296
• DOI: 10.1016/S0888-6296(89)94790-X

Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) has been advocated as efficacious in reducing mediastinal bleeding following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and has been shown to ameliorate platelet dysfunction; however, this has not been evaluated during routine coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In the present study, this therapy was evaluated utilizing the thromboelastograph (TEG), a rapid, on-line means of diagnosing a coagulopathy. During elective CABG, 20 patients received either DDAVP, 0.3 μg/kg, intravenously, following heparin reversal after CPB, or a placebo infusion, in a randomized, double-blind fashion. Hemostasis was monitored with both the TEG and conventional coagulation tests. No significant differences between the two groups were found at induction, postprotamine, post-“study infusion,” or 2 hours postoperatively, with the exception of the postoperative PTT (31.1 ± 3.2 v 36.5 ± 5.9 seconds for DDAVP v placebo, P = 0.03.) Total blood products transfused intraoperatively, and in the first 8, 16, 24, or 48 postoperative hours, were also similar between the groups. No manifestations of hypercoagulability were seen, but hypotension during the infusion was noted in four patients receiving DDAVP, and in none of the controls. It is concluded that the expense and potential complications of DDAVP therapy do not justify its routine use in CABG.