Glycemic control of once-weekly and other administration frequencies for DPP-4 inhibitor in patients with type 2 diabetes: a real-world retrospective cohort study

• Published in: Diabetology international Vol. 15; no. 3; pp. 632 - 637
• Main Authors: Koto, Ruriko, Yoshida, Shiori, Nakajima, Akihiro, Miwa, Tetsuya, Nishimura, Rimei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Singapore Springer Nature Singapore 01.07.2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Age; Cohort analysis; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Endocrinology; Hemoglobin; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolic Diseases; Short Communication; Type 2 diabetes; Glycemic control; Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor; Health insurance database; Once weekly
• ISSN: 2190-1678; 2190-1686
• DOI: 10.1007/s13340-024-00718-5

Aims To assess the glycemic control of once-weekly (QW) and other administration frequencies for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) in patients with type 2 diabetes in a real-world setting. Methods A retrospective cohort study used Japanese medical claims data and medical check-up data between December 2015 and February 2020. Patients with type 2 diabetes had been newly prescribed a DPP-4i regimen of once-daily (QD), twice-daily (BID), or QW administration and had hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values from regular medical check-ups. HbA1c values and proportion of patients achieving their HbA1c target were assessed. Multivariable analyses were conducted to examine the association between DPP-4i regimen and achievement of HbA1c target. Results Of the analysis population (N = 7229), 6098 patients were prescribed the QD regimen, 772 BID, and 359 QW. Mean HbA1c before exposure to DPP-4i was 7.31 ± 1.20% (mean ± standard deviation) for QD, 7.64 ± 1.47% for BID, and 7.06 ± 0.96% for QW, decreasing after DPP-4i exposure to 6.71 ± 0.78%, 6.77 ± 0.84%, and 6.59 ± 0.67%, respectively. HbA1c < 7% was achieved in 72.1% of patients for QD, 69.0% for BID, and 79.1% for QW. On multivariable analysis, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for HbA1c < 7.0% in patients < 65 years of age was 0.97 (0.73–1.30) for BID and 0.90 (0.57–1.42) for QW compared to QD. Similar achievement of HbA1c target was noted in each regimen for patients age ≥ 65 years and for age ≥ 65 years with multimorbidity. Conclusion In this study under real-world conditions, glycemic control for the DPP-4i QW regimen was similar to that for QD and BID.