Towards nearly zero emissions natural gas-fired power plants using cryogenic carbon dioxide capture technology

• Published in: International journal of greenhouse gas control Vol. 127; p. 103928
• Main Authors: Alsanousie, Abdurrahman A., Attia, Abdelhamid E., Elhelw, Mohamed, Elsamni, Osama A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.07.2023
• Subjects: Aspen Plus; Cryogenic carbon capture; Dynamic simulation; External cooling loop; Natural gas power plants; Dynamic simulation; Aspen Plus; Cryogenic carbon capture; External cooling loop; Natural gas power plants
• ISSN: 1750-5836; 1878-0148
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2023.103928

•Models for a natural gas power plant and a CCC plant were validated.•Controllers gain and integral time were tuned and optimized.•Four dynamic transient operations between three loads were realized.•Possibility of capturing up to 99% of carbon emissions was investigated. Cryogenic carbon capture (CCC) is one of the most recent and promising technologies for reducing carbon dioxide emissions, hence mitigating the global warming. The present research aims at exploring the feasibility of integrating it into existing thermal power plants in Egypt that are commonly operated by natural gas. A simulation model is developed using Aspen Plus Dynamics software to accurately predict the behavior of the thermal power plant after applying such integration. The model incorporates the CCC cycle established by Sustainable Energy Solutions into a natural gas power plant of Abu Qir, Egypt. The integral plant is benchmarked at various part loads scenarios. The study investigates the ability of capturing up to 99% of the emitted CO2 and determines the consequent penalties in the generated power and the overall thermal efficiency. The results demonstrated successful integration of the thermal power plant and the CCC revealing smooth operation and safe transition between different part loads. By capturing 99% of the emitted CO2, both the generated power and the overall efficiency dropped maximally by 10.73%. The integration led to a maximum energy penalty of 0.840 MJe/kgCO2 which is much smaller than other conventional carbon capture techniques. Applying this technology to all thermal power plants in Egypt, about 89 M tonnes of CO2 emissions will be captured annually. Further integrations of CCC-ECL into other chemical and industrial facilities would significantly lead to a cleaner environment.