Preparation of Ni-Fe layered double hydroxides and its application in thermoplastic polyurethane with flame retardancy and smoke suppression

• Published in: Polymer degradation and stability Vol. 202; p. 110043
• Main Authors: Xu, Shurong, Liu, Jian, Liu, Xuan, Li, Hongfei, Gu, Xiaoyu, Sun, Jun, Zhang, Sheng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 01.08.2022
• Subjects: aluminum; combustion; degradation; flame retardants; heat; oxygen; polyurethanes; smoke; tensile strength; thermoplastics; toxicity
• ISSN: 0141-3910
• DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110043

Aluminum hypophosphite (AHP), as an effective phosphorus-based flame retardant used in thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), released a large amount of smoke and toxic gasses during combustion. In this work, a flame retardant filler, Ni-Fe layered double hydroxides (NiFe-LDHs), was synthesized and applied in TPU together with AHP. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the TPU/6AHP/1NiFe-LDH composite reached 30.7% with a V-0 rating in the UL-94 test. Compared with neat TPU, the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) values of TPU/6AHP/1NiFe-LDH sample were reduced by 67.9% and 40.8%, respectively. Moreover, both the smoke production and CO/CO₂ yield were also decreased sharply. It was proposed that NiFe-LDH provided the effect of catalyzing char formation, and the obtained dense char layer was able to block both heat and smoke release. In addition, the addition of NiFe-LDH had little effect on the mechanical properties of TPU, and the tensile strength and elongation at break only decreased by 6.0% and 6.9%, respectively. This work provides a new strategy for fillers and flame retardants to improve the flame retardant properties and smoke suppression of TPU.