The Association Between Smartphone Addiction/Overuse With Hand and Wrist Musculoskeletal Complaints, Saudi Arabia

• Published in: Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 15; no. 11; p. e48752
• Main Authors: Al-Dhafer, Bassmh Abdullah A, Alessa, Sr, Haidar A, Albesher, Sr, Mohammed A, Alnaim, Muna F, Albawardi, Sara K, Albesher, Maitham
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Cureus Inc 13.11.2023; Cureus
• Subjects: Addictions; Education; Fingers & toes; Marital status; Orthopedics; Pain; Plastic Surgery; Population; Questionnaires; Sample size; Smartphones; Sociodemographics; University students; Saudi Arabia; carpal tunnel syndome; hand and wrist pain; wirst pain; musculoskeletal hand pain; smartphone addiction
• ISSN: 2168-8184; 2168-8184
• DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48752

Introduction Smartphones have integrated seamlessly into our daily lives in various aspects. When a smartphone is used frequently for communication or internet access, it becomes addictive, which increases the risk of musculoskeletal problems in the hand, wrist, and thumb. Aim This research aimed to examine if there is a connection between excessive smartphone use and discomfort in the thumb and wrist. Subject and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among the general population of Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire translated into Arabic was distributed among the targeted population using an online survey. The questionnaire includes three sections, including socio-demographic data (e.g., age, gender, nationality, etc.), assessment of smartphone addiction by using the smartphone addiction scale short-version (SAS-SV), and assessment of wrist/hand pain using the patient-rated wrist and hand evaluation (PRWHE). Results Of the 3057 recruited participants, 1938 (63.4%) were females, and 3025 (99%) were aged between 18 and 65 years old. Perceived pain in the wrist or hand due to excessive usage of a smartphone was reported by 1728 (56.5%) of respondents. The overall mean SAS-SV score was 24.4 (SD 7.47) out of 50 points. The prevalence of smartphone addiction among the general population was 874 (28.6%). Increased SAS-SV and PRWHE scores were associated with respondents living outside Eastern region and using phones for 10 hours or more daily. Conclusion The prevalence of smartphone addiction in this study was 874 (28.6%), directly associated with wrist and hand pains. Musculoskeletal complaints due to smartphone addiction were more prevalent among respondents living outside Eastern Region who spent more time using their phones. A longitudinal study is required to establish the link between smartphone addiction and musculoskeletal complaints among the general population.