Production and computational fluid dynamics-based modeling of PMMA nanoparticles impregnated with ivermectin by a supercritical antisolvent process

• Published in: Journal of CO2 utilization Vol. 35; pp. 47 - 58
• Main Authors: Valarini Junior, Osvaldo, Reitz Cardoso, Flávia Aparecida, Machado Giufrida, Willyan, de Souza, Marilesia Ferreira, Cardozo-Filho, Lúcio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.01.2020
• Subjects: Ivermectin; Nanoparticles; Poly(methyl methacrylate); Population balance equation; Precipitation kinetics; SAS; Nanoparticles; Poly(methyl methacrylate); Precipitation kinetics; SAS; Population balance equation; Ivermectin
• ISSN: 2212-9820; 2212-9839
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.08.025

[Display omitted] •The SAS process productized PMMA nanoparticles impregnated with ivermectin.•The kinetic models tested fitted well on the experimental data of release in vitro.•Changes conformational and morphological on PMMA and ivermectin was observed.•The mean diameters experimental in the kinetic precipitation were predicts by PBE model. The aim of this study was to encapsulate ivermectin in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) using a supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process. The Box–Behnken method was employed for obtaining a lower average particle diameter (dexp) of ivermectin-impregnated PMMA nanoparticles. The encapsulation efficiency was 73.08 ± 3.22%, and the nanoparticles were characterized morphologically, thermally, and conformationally using the following techniques: scanning electron microscopy, differential thermogravimetric analysis, and attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The in vitro release kinetics showed that the drug had a controlled release of approximately 100 h, and that the Higuchi, Peppas–Sahlin, and Korsmeyer–Peppas models were able to correctly describe the drug diffusion processes. The precipitation kinetic parameters were determined from dexp using the population balance equation. This equation showed that the nucleation rate and nucleation population density were dominant for R6 (9 MPa, 313.15 K, 3 mL/min), and that the growth rate had little variation across all experiments.