Stereotactic image‑based histological analysis reveals a correlation between 11C‑methionine uptake and MGMT promoter methylation in non‑enhancing gliomas

• Published in: Oncology letters Vol. 16; no. 2; pp. 1924 - 1930
• Main Authors: Okita, Yoshiko, Shofuda, Tomoko, Kanematsu, Daisuke, Yoshioka, Ema, Kodama, Yoshinori, Mano, Masayuki, Kinoshita, Manabu, Nonaka, Masahiro, Nakajima, Shin, Fujinaka, Toshiyuki, Kanemura, Yonehiro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Athens Spandidos Publications UK Ltd 31.05.2018; D.A. Spandidos
• Subjects: Brain cancer; Chemotherapy; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; DNA methylation; Glioma; Medical imaging; Mutation; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Oncology; Patients; Surgery; Tumors; United States > US; Japan
• ISSN: 1792-1074; 1792-1082
• DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8866

Gliomas are genetically and histopathologically heterogeneous. Intratumoral heterogeneity in the MGMT promoter methylation status is an important clinical biomarker of glioblastoma. A higher uptake of 11C-methionine in positron-emission tomography (PET) reportedly reflects increased MGMT promoter methylation; however, non-stereotactic comparison of MGMT methylation and 11C-methionine PET images may not be accurate. The present study examined the correlation between 11C-methionine uptake and MGMT promoter methylation in non-enhancing gliomas using stereotactic image-based histological analysis. Data were collected from 9 patients with newly diagnosed non-enhancing glioma who underwent magnetic resonance imaging and 11C-methionine PET during pre-surgical examination. Clinical data were also collected from 3 patients during repeat surgery. The correlation between 11C-methionine uptake and MGMT methylation or cell density was analyzed using histological specimens obtained by multiple stereotactic sampling and an exact local comparison of 11C-methionine PET images and histological specimens was made. A total of 31 stereotactic sample sites were identified. In newly diagnosed cases, the tumor to normal uptake (T/N) ratio revealed a significant positive correlation with MGMT methylation (R=0.54, P=0.009) and a marginal correlation with cell density (R=0.42, P=0.05). In recurrent cases, the T/N ratio demonstrated no correlation with MGMT methylation (R=0.01, P=0.97) or cell density (R=0.15, P=0.70). An increased uptake of 11C-methionine in PET may reflect increased MGMT promoter methylation according to stereotactic image-based histological analysis. 11C-methionine PET could therefore be a useful tool for detecting regional MGMT promoter methylation in non-enhancing primary glioma.