Plasmablastic lymphoma: An update

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a highly aggressive B cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma frequently associated with immunosuppression, particularly human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Although PBL is rare globally, South Africa has a high burden of HIV infection leading to a higher incidence of PBL...

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Published inInternational journal of laboratory hematology Vol. 44; no. S1; pp. 54 - 63
Main Authors Bailly, Jenique, Jenkins, Nicholas, Chetty, Dharshnee, Mohamed, Zainab, Verburgh, Estelle R., Opie, Jessica J.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Chichester Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.09.2022
Subjects
aggressive lymphoma
B-cell lymphoma
Cytology
EBV
Epidemiology
Epstein-Barr virus
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Immunosuppression
MYC
Myc protein
Myeloma
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
plasmablastic lymphoma
plasmablastic myeloma
Protein-tyrosine kinase
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Summary:Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a highly aggressive B cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma frequently associated with immunosuppression, particularly human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Although PBL is rare globally, South Africa has a high burden of HIV infection leading to a higher incidence of PBL in the region. Laboratory features in PBL may overlap with plasmablastic myeloma and other large B cell lymphomas with plasmablastic or immunoblastic morphology leading to diagnostic dilemmas. There are, however, pertinent distinguishing laboratory features in PBL such as a plasma cell immunophenotype with MYC overexpression, expression of Epstein–Barr virus‐encoded small RNAs and lack of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) expression. This review aims to provide a summary of current knowledge in PBL, focusing on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, laboratory diagnosis and clinical management.
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ISSN:1751-5521
1751-553X
DOI:10.1111/ijlh.13863