Homologies of the caudal fin rays of Pleuronectiformes (Teleostei)

Descriptions of pleuronectiform caudal fin rays, which vary considerably in composition, have been based on phenotypes (branched, segmented, and unsegmented). To provide a more precise background to the phylogeny, the homologies of the caudal fin rays are considered. The distinction between "pr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inIchthyological research Vol. 48; no. 3; pp. 231 - 246
Main Author Hoshino, Koichi
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published 25.08.2001
Subjects
Achiridae
Achiropsettidae
Bothidae
Brachypleura
Citharidae
Citharoides
Citharus
Cynoglossidae
Lepidoblepharon
Paracitharus
Paralichthyidae
Pleuronectidae
Pleuronectiformes
Poecilopsettidae
Psettodidae
Rhombosoleidae
Samaridae
Scophthalmidae
Soleidae
Tephrinectes
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Summary:Descriptions of pleuronectiform caudal fin rays, which vary considerably in composition, have been based on phenotypes (branched, segmented, and unsegmented). To provide a more precise background to the phylogeny, the homologies of the caudal fin rays are considered. The distinction between "principal rays" and "procurrent rays," determined from their correspondence with those of generalized percomorphs, is adopted. Also, the composition of these rays and their associated muscles are compared within the pleuronectiforms. Estimated "principal ray" numbers are 17 (Psettodidae, Citharidae, Paralichthyidae, Bothidae), 15-18 (Scophthalmidae), 16-23 (Pleuronectidae), and fewer than 17 (Tephrinectes, Poecilopsettidae, Rhombosoleidae, Samaridae, Achiropsettidae, Achiridae, Soleidae, Cynoglossidae). The number of "procurrent rays" in each lobe are 3 or 4 (Psettodidae), 3 (Citharoides, Paracitharus, Lepidoblepharon [Citharidae]), 2 (Citharus, Brachypleura [Citharidae], Tephrinectes, Poecilopsettidae, Soleidae), 1 (Pleuronectidae, Rhombosoleidae, Samaridae, Achiropsettidae), 1 or absent (Scophthalmidae, Paralichthyidae), or consistently absent (Bothidae, Achiridae, Cynoglossidae). New characters of potential usefulness in phylogenetic consideration of the Pleuronectiformes, including the hypochordal longitudinalis, interradialis between the outermost "principal" and medialmost "procurrent rays" and "pseudo-interradialis" (newly identified muscle), are proposed and their phylogenetic significance considered.
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ISSN:1341-8998
1616-3915
DOI:10.1007/s10228-001-8141-6