Process Safety in the Pharmaceutical Industry: A Selection of Illustrative Case Studies

• Published in: Journal of chemical education Vol. 98; no. 1; pp. 175 - 182
• Main Authors: Dunn, Anna L, Payne, Andrew, Clark, Peter R, McKay, Christopher, Williams, Glynn D, Wheelhouse, Katherine, Arendt, Kevin, Dixon, Frank, Shilcrat, Susan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Easton Division of Chemical Education, Inc 12.01.2021; American Chemical Society
• Subjects: Case Studies; Chemical Engineering; Chemical reactions; Chemistry; Engineering Education; Exothermic reactions; Explosive forming; Gas evolution; Graduate Students; Hazardous Materials; Heat; Industrial safety; Industry; Pharmaceutical industry; Pharmaceuticals; Pharmacy; Processes; Reagents; Safety; Safety management; Science Instruction; Teaching Methods; Triazoles; Undergraduate Students
• ISSN: 0021-9584; 1938-1328
• DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00115

Awareness of best safety practices in the industrial sector will allow students in chemistry and chemical engineering programs to apply these approaches to their own safety assessments. Process safety is a critical function within the pharmaceutical industry to ensure safety when performing reactions. An introduction to process safety and a series of case studies illustrating how safety is routinely considered within the pharmaceutical industry is presented. The concepts presented herein are applicable to multiple industries, academic research, and chemical reactions conducted on all scales. The case studies include examples where a synthesis was redesigned to afford a triazole intermediate without forming potentially explosive byproducts, an exothermic reaction was controlled by understanding the heat output with time and developing a portion-wise addition procedure, and a reaction that displayed extremely fast gas evolution was managed by using an alternative solvent and controlling the rate of reagent addition.