Comparison of Chemical and Mechanical Prophylaxis of Venous Thromboembolism in Non-surgical Mechanically Ventilated Patients

• Published in: Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 13; no. 11; p. e19548
• Main Authors: Ajmal, Fahad, Haroon, Mohammad, Kaleem, Umar, Gul, Aisha, Khan, Jawad
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Cureus Inc 13.11.2021; Cureus
• Subjects: Age; Anticoagulants; Asymptomatic; Compression therapy; Disease prevention; Gender; Hospitals; Intensive care; Internal Medicine; Length of stay; Morbidity; Mortality; Patients; Pulmonary embolisms; Pulmonology; Therapeutics; Thromboembolism; Thrombosis; Ventilators; Rawalpindi Pakistan; United States > US; Pakistan; mortality; mechanical prophylaxis; chemical prophylaxis; intensive care units; venous thromboembolic events
• ISSN: 2168-8184; 2168-8184
• DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19548

To compare the efficacy of mechanical and chemical prophylaxis in non-surgically mechanically ventilated patients in terms of reduction in mortality and length of hospital stay. A total of 200 patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) were recruited retrospectively. Half participants received mechanical prophylaxis and half received chemical prophylaxis. Patients with medical diseases with age 18 years or above, both genders, Pakistani nationals, receiving mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours or receiving subcutaneous low molecular weight (LMW) heparin or subcutaneous unfractionated heparin were included. Cases who undergone surgery and were then admitted to ICU, those who received both mechanical and chemical therapies, and patients who received anticoagulant treatment before admission to ICU were excluded from the study. The patient's age, gender, length of stay in ICU, and mortality were recorded in each group. Chi-square test was used to compare categorical data and Student t-test for continuous variables. The mean age was 55.51±8.37 years. The males were 108(54%) and females were 92(46%). The mortality rate was higher in the mechanical prophylaxis group (49%) than chemical (31%) statistically significantly (P=0.014). Similarly, the length of hospital stay was also higher in the mechanical prophylaxis group (7.27±0.897 days) than chemical (6.67±1.045) statistically (P<0.001). Chemical prophylaxis can reduce mortality and length of hospital stay more effectively than mechanical prophylaxis in ICUs admitted patients.