A carbon black floating film for seawater desalination based on interfacial solar heating

Abstract Superhydrophobic carbon black (CB) nanoparticles were prepared by deposition of a monolayer of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane (PFOTS) on their surfaces. A thin CB floating film was assembled under solar light irradiance with the assistance of the water's surface tension and...

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Published inWater science & technology. Water supply Vol. 19; no. 7; pp. 1938 - 1944
Main Authors Ye, Miaomiao, Zhu, Kehang, Gao, Jiahao, Chen, Rong, Zhang, Tuqiao
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London IWA Publishing 01.11.2019
Subjects
Air temperature
Air-water interface
Black carbon
Carbon
Carbon black
Chemical analysis
Contact angle
Desalination
Distillation
Distilled water
Distilling
Dosage
Efficiency
Energy
Evaporation
Evaporation rate
Floating
Heat
Heating
Hydrophobicity
Interfaces
Irradiance
Membranes
Nanoparticles
Seawater
Solar distillation
Solar heating
Stability
Sun
Surface tension
Temperature differences
Temperature gradients
Thin films
Water analysis
Water chemistry
Water desalting
Water quality
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Summary:Abstract Superhydrophobic carbon black (CB) nanoparticles were prepared by deposition of a monolayer of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane (PFOTS) on their surfaces. A thin CB floating film was assembled under solar light irradiance with the assistance of the water's surface tension and the water molecules' thermal motion. The formation of a thin floating film with suitable CB dose significantly enhanced the water evaporation rate, which was 1.9, 3.0, and 7.2 times higher than that without formation of a CB film, CB nanoparticles uniformly dispersed in water, and pure water, respectively. The temperature difference between the two air–water interfaces with and without the CB floating film was as high as 20.1 °C, which strongly confirms the interfacial heating behavior. There was no decrease of water evaporation rate over the whole measured period of 30 days, which undoubtedly reveals the excellent stability and durability of the CB floating film. Finally, a real seawater sample was used for solar distillation and the typical water-quality indexes before and after solar distillation were compared.
ISSN:1606-9749
1607-0798
DOI:10.2166/ws.2019.070