Situation-Behavior Profiles as a Locus of Consistency in Personality

• Published in: Current directions in psychological science : a journal of the American Psychological Society Vol. 11; no. 2; pp. 50 - 54
• Main Authors: Mischel, Walter, Shoda, Yuichi, Mendoza-Denton, Rodolfo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA Blackwell Publishers 01.04.2002; SAGE Publications
• Subjects: Data processing; Human aggression; Locus of control; Paradoxes; Personality psychology; Psychology; Signatures; Social behavior; Social psychology; Verbal aggression; if … then … profiles; personality; interactionism; consistency
• ISSN: 0963-7214; 1467-8721
• DOI: 10.1111/1467-8721.00166

Traditional approaches have long considered situations as "noise" or "error" that obscures the consistency of personality and its invariance. Therefore, it has been customary to average the individual's behavior on any given dimension (e.g., conscientiousness) across different situations. Contradicting this assumption and practice, recent studies have demonstrated that by incorporating the situation into the search for consistency, a new locus of stability is found. Namely, people are characterized not only by stable individual differences in their overall levels of behavior, but also by distinctive and stable patterns of situation-behavior relations (e.g., she does X when A but Y when B). These if... then... profiles constitute behavioral "signatures" that provide potential windows into the individual's underlying dynamics. Processing models that can account for such signatures provide a new route for studying personality types in terms of their shared dynamics and characteristic defining profiles.