A green cogeneration microgrid composed of water-source heat pumps, a gravity energy storage, and a bio-fueled gas turbine: Design and techno-economic optimization

• Published in: Sustainable cities and society Vol. 95; p. 104594
• Main Authors: Taheri, Bahman, Jabari, Farkhondeh, Akbari Foroud, Asghar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.08.2023
• Subjects: Bio-fueled Brayton cycle; Economic dispatch; Gravity energy storage (GES); Mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP); Water-source heat pumps (WSHPs); Mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP); Economic dispatch; Bio-fueled Brayton cycle; Gravity energy storage (GES); Water-source heat pumps (WSHPs)
• ISSN: 2210-6707; 2210-6715
• DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2023.104594

Rapid population and economic growth, democratization, decarbonization, deregulation, decentralization, and digitization (5D) of energy sector, transformation in lifestyle, as well as subsidized supply of petroleum products contribute to peak electricity utilization. In summer, limited power generation of thermal units have caused an urgent need to storages and renewable energy sources (RES). To mitigate pollutants emitted from generation facilities, nearly zero-energy buildings are created using RES and energy storage technologies. Hence, this paper presents a green combined cooling and power (CCP) generation system for industrial applications. A bio-fueled gas turbine cycle is selected to produce power for supplying both electrical demand and energy requirement of cooling loads. Some water-source heat pumps (WSHPs) are economically dispatched to procure cooling loads. A gravity energy storage (GES) is optimally scheduled to charge surplus electricity by pumping water and lifting a piston within a container and discharge it during peak periods by falling the piston and returning the high-pressure water into a hydro-turbine. A mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem is modeled to find the optimum operating point of the proposed plant minimizing the total energy cost. Simulations are conducted on a real industrial end-user with four WSHPs under two cases without and with cooperation of GES.