Child labor in Saladoid St. Thomas, U.S.V.I. (300–500 CE)

• Published in: Journal of anthropological archaeology Vol. 53; pp. 222 - 228
• Main Authors: Keegan, William F., Carlson, Lisabeth A., Delancy, Kelly M., Hayes, David
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Inc 01.03.2019
• Subjects: Archaeology of children; Caribbean; Foraging theory; Mollusks; Foraging theory; Mollusks; Caribbean; Archaeology of children
• ISSN: 0278-4165; 1090-2686
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2019.01.001

Child labor has been called an archaeological “enigma” because its expression varies with age, gender, social organization, and economy. There are negative connotations in Western societies, especially given the abuses of the industrial revolution, and for hunter-gatherers it seems to contradict the notion of original affluent societies. Yet the adoption of tasks marks progress toward adulthood. There is no reason to assume that children were not willing participants, or that labor is onerous. Child labor is an expected and natural element of growing up. This paper examines foraging behavior with a specific focus on the collection of mollusks at the Main Street Kronprindsens Gade (KPG) site, St. Thomas, USVI (circa cal. 400 CE). It is argued that an abundance of small, rocky intertidal and shallow seagrass inhabiting mollusks reflects foraging by children. General characteristics of these food items and the behaviors they represent are proposed as a model for identifying one aspect of labor by children. The association of mollusk collecting with children also helps to explain what would appear to be non-optimal foraging by adults, and the social relations of production.