Modeling Electronic Devices with a Casimir Cavity

• Published in: Physics (Online) Vol. 6; no. 3; pp. 1124 - 1131
• Main Author: Maclay, G. Jordan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.09.2024
• Subjects: Accelerometers; Casimir effect; Current carriers; Direct current; Electric fields; Electrical properties; Electrodes; Electromagnetism; Electronic devices; Energy; metal–insulator–metal diode; Microelectromechanical systems; MIM diode; photoinjection; vacuum fluctuations; zero-point fluctuations
• ISSN: 2624-8174; 2624-8174
• DOI: 10.3390/physics6030070

The Casimir effect has been exploited in various MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical system) devices, especially to make sensitive force sensors and accelerometers. It has also been used to provide forces for a variety of purposes, for example, for the assembly of considerably small parts. Repulsive forces and torques have been produced using various configurations of media and materials. Just a few electronic devices have been explored that utilize the electrical properties of the Casimir effect. Recently, experimental results were presented that described the operation of an electronic device that employed a Casimir cavity attached to a standard MIM (metal–insulator–metal) structure. The DC (direct current) conductance of the novel MIM device was enhanced by the attached cavity and found to be directly proportional to the capacitance of the attached cavity. The phenomenological model proposed assumed that the cavity reduced the vacuum fluctuations, which resulted in a reduced injection of carriers. The analysis presented here indicates that the optical cavity actually enhances vacuum fluctuations, which would predict a current in the opposite direction from that observed. Further, the vacuum fluctuations near the electrode are shown to be approximately independent of the size of the optical cavity, in disagreement with the experimental data which show a dependence on the size. Thus, the proposed mechanism of operation does not appear correct. A more detailed theoretical analysis of these devices is needed, in particular, one that uses real material parameters and computes the vacuum fluctuations for the entire device. Such an analysis would reveal how these devices operate and might suggest design principles for a new genre of electronic devices that make use of vacuum fluctuations.