Double sites doping local chemistry Adjustment: A Multiple-Layer oriented P2-Type cathode with Long-life and Water/Air stability for sodium ion batteries

• Published in: Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996) Vol. 458; p. 141384
• Main Authors: Ouyang, Baixue, Chen, Tao, Liu, Xichang, Zhang, Mengjie, Liu, Penggao, Li, Puliang, Liu, Weifang, Liu, Kaiyu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 15.02.2023
• Subjects: Air and water stability; P2-layered metal oxides cathode; Sodium ion battery; Stability; ICP-AES; SIBs; HAAD-FTEM; P2-layered metal oxides cathode; DEC; GITT; Stability; XRD; LIBs; NMCM; EIS; NMP; Sodium ion battery; DFT; CV; EDS; Air and water stability; SEM; XPS; DMC; TEM; EC
• ISSN: 1385-8947; 1873-3212
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.141384

•A double site doped layered P2-K0.05Na0.62Mn0.6Ni0.3Cu0.1O2 cathode is designed.•The expanded layer spacing of K doping provides a higher electrochemical capacity.•A combined analysis of first-principles calculation simulation and experimental verification.•The regulation of cycling stability by setting the cut-off voltage are provided.•It shows excellent cycling performance and environmental exposed stability. P2-type Ni/Mn layered oxides have attracted intensive interest as a kind of promising cathode materials because of their high specific capacities and unique 2D Na+ diffusion path. However, the poor stability and irreversible phase transition at high voltage during charge and discharge process greatly hinders its practical applications. Herein, a novel double site substitution strategy is reported that large-sized K+ is riveted in the prismatic Na+ sites and Cu2+ is occupies in the transition metal sites. The K+ doping lead to the lattice expansion along c-axis, which facilitating sodium ions transport. In addition, the double sites substitution improves the stability of the materials exposed in air and water environments. A combined analysis of first-principles calculation simulation and experimental verification determining that larger interlayer spacing decreases the diffusion barrier of sodium ions. The as-prepared multiple-layer oriented P2-K0.05Na0.67Mn0.6Ni0.3Cu0.1O2 shows excellent rate performance, fast sodium ion transport ability and superior cycling performance with a high-capacity retention of 91.2 % at a high current density of 1 A g−1 after 1800th cycles. Therefore, this work provides a new insight for the design of stable and high-performance cathode materials for sodium ion batteries.