2D eπ-map for image encryption

• Published in: Information sciences Vol. 589; pp. 770 - 789
• Main Authors: Erkan, Uğur, Toktas, Abdurrahim, Toktas, Feyza, Alenezi, Fayadh
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Inc 01.04.2022
• Subjects: 2D chaotic map; Chaotic map; Euler map; Image encryption; Image processing; Pi map; Image encryption; Euler map; Chaotic map; Image processing; Pi map; 2D chaotic map
• ISSN: 0020-0255; 1872-6291
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ins.2021.12.126

A chaotic map generally employed to generate chaotic sequence is key element for an image encryption algorithm (IEA). In this study, an IEA using novel 2D chaotic map, which is based on Euler and Pi numbers so-called eπ-map, is presented. eπ-map exploits infinity diversity attribute of these numbers. Moreover, a diffusion operation referred to as “bit reversion” in which the bits of the pixels are symmetrically reverted is proposed for manipulating the pixel value. eπ-map is exhaustively examined through bifurcation and trajectory diagrams, Lyapunov exponent (LE), sample entropy (SE), permutation entropy (PE) and 0-1 test. The encryption performance of the IEA is then investigated across various cryptanalysis such as key-space, key sensitivity, histogram, information entropy, correlation coefficient, differential attack, cropping attack, noise attack and encryption execution time. Furthermore, the results are compared with the most recent literature. It is demonstrated that eπ-map has superior hyperchaotic performance in views of ergodicity, complexity and randomness. The IEA based on eπ-map and bit reversion is a secure and reliable algorithm thanks to its outperforming cryptanalysis results.