Sodium alginate/bismuth (III) oxide composites for γ‐ray shielding applications

• Published in: Journal of applied polymer science Vol. 138; no. 19
• Main Authors: Prabhu, Srilakshmi, S. G., Bubbly, Gudennavar, Shivappa B.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 15.05.2021; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: applications; Attenuation coefficients; Biodegradability; biodegradable; Bismuth oxides; Bismuth trioxide; Calcium ions; Cesium 137; Cesium isotopes; Composite materials; Fillers; Heat resistance; High density polyethylenes; Industrial applications; Lime; Materials science; mechanical properties; Modulus of elasticity; Polymers; Radiation shielding; Sodium 22; Sodium alginate; Tensile strength; thermal properties; Thermal resistance
• ISSN: 0021-8995; 1097-4628
• DOI: 10.1002/app.50369

In the present work, we have explored the efficacy of bismuth (III) oxide (Bi2O3) loaded, calcium ion cross‐linked solution cast sodium alginate composite films for radioprotective applications. Calcium ion cross‐linking increased the water and chemical resistance, which further improved on introduction of Bi2O3 into the composites. The 40 wt% Bi2O3 loaded films showed good heat resistance with the peak degradation temperature reaching as high as 251°C. The Bi2O3 loaded composites showed enhanced tensile strength (TS) and Youngs modulus (YM). Compared to high‐modulus polymers like epoxy, high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) and poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), these exhibit relatively greater extent of stretching before breaking. The γ‐ray attenuation experiments showed that mass attenuation coefficients of the composites at various γ‐ray energies increased with filler loading. These composites are effective in shielding γ‐rays from radioactive sources like 137Cs, 22Na, 133Ba, and 60Co that are widely employed in several medical and industrial applications. The overall enhancement in thermal, mechanical, and radiation shielding characteristics of the composites may be attributed to the uniform distribution of the fillers in alginate matrix. These nontoxic sodium alginate/Bi2O3 composites can be used as soft and biodegradable radiation shields, which may be processed to wearable forms.