Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

: Strongyloides stercoralis is endemic in tropical, subtropical, and even temperate regions, and infects up to 100 million people worldwide. The diagnosis of strongyloidiasis can be difficult because of intermittent larval output in stool and nonspecific symptoms with mild peripheral eosinophilia. I...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inTransplant infectious disease Vol. 11; no. 2; pp. 143 - 148
Main Authors Wirk, B., Wingard, J.R.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Malden, USA Blackwell Publishing Inc 01.04.2009
Subjects
Adult
Animals
Antirheumatic Agents - therapeutic use
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid - parasitology
Eosinophilia - diagnosis
Eosinophilia - immunology
Fatal Outcome
Female
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - adverse effects
Humans
hyperinfection
Immunocompromised Host
Immunosuppressive Agents - adverse effects
Immunosuppressive Agents - therapeutic use
invermectin
Ivermectin - therapeutic use
Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute - surgery
Strongyloides stercoralis
Strongyloidiasis - diagnosis
Strongyloidiasis - drug therapy
Strongyloidiasis - immunology
Strongyloidiasis - pathology
Superinfection - diagnosis
Superinfection - drug therapy
Superinfection - immunology
Superinfection - pathology
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Summary:: Strongyloides stercoralis is endemic in tropical, subtropical, and even temperate regions, and infects up to 100 million people worldwide. The diagnosis of strongyloidiasis can be difficult because of intermittent larval output in stool and nonspecific symptoms with mild peripheral eosinophilia. In this case report, a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia underwent peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and was subsequently diagnosed with strongyloidiasis. Strongyloidiasis should be considered in immunocompromised patients from endemic areas who have unexplained peripheral eosinophilia. If screening tests are positive for S. stercoralis or if a patient has unexplained eosinophilia with even a remote history of travel to or residence in endemic areas, then ivermectin should be given before HSCT to prevent often fatal hyperinfection syndrome from occurring after HSCT.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Case Study-2
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ISSN:1398-2273
1399-3062
DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3062.2008.00360.x