Prognostic role of TNF alpha, LT alpha, MDR1 and codon 72 Tp53 gene polymorphisms on multiple myeloma Egyptian patients

• Published in: Leukemia research Vol. 117; p. 106854
• Main Authors: Hegazi, Heba M., Elghonemy, MS, El-Baiomy, MA, Soliman, Eman A., Abdel-Hady, Elsayed K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2022
• Subjects: ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 - genetics; Case-Control Studies; Codon; Egypt; Gene Frequency; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Humans; LT alpha; Lymphotoxin-alpha - genetics; MDR1; Multiple Myeloma; Multiple Myeloma - genetics; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Prognosis; TNF alpha; TP53; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - genetics; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 - genetics; Egypt; MDR1; TNF alpha; TP53; Multiple Myeloma; LT alpha
• ISSN: 0145-2126; 1873-5835
• DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2022.106854

Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a type of hematologic malignancies that characterized by uncontrolled plasma cell proliferation. So, the diagnosis depends on the increased numbers of abnormal, immature, or atypical plasma cells in the bone marrow, and many patients present with laboratory abnormalities, such as anemia, hypercalcemia, renal disease, and high protein levels in blood and urine. We aim to analyze the association of some genetic polymorphisms and its effect on the overall survival (OS) among MM patients. We analyzed TNFα 308 G/A, TNFα 238 G/A, LTA252A/G, MDR 3435 C/T, MDR 1236 C/T, TP53 Arg72Pro in 110 multiple myeloma case and 112 healthy controls. The genotyping was performed using PCR-RFFLP. In TNF308 AA genotype and A allele were significantly lower with protective effect against MM development (OR=0.318, 0.742) respectively. LTA 252, GG genotypes had lower frequency in MM cases compared to control group with protective effect against MM development (OR=0.361). In TNF238, MDR1 3435 C/T, TP53 codon 72 polymorphism we didn’t find any statistically significant relation between MM and control groups. In Uni and multivariant analysis show ISS, IgG, TP53 Arg72ProGC+CC as risk predictors of shorter OS.But TNFα-308 GA+AA and LTA 252 AG+GG were considered as predictors of longer OS in MM cases. Our result confirms the association of TNF-308, LTA and TP53 codon72 with prognostic outcome in MM. As a result, we suggest involving these genes as a biomarker test to predicts the risk and prognostic outcome of MM. Also, we recommend further investigations of these polymorphisms in MM especially LTA and TP53codon 72 polymorphism which have very low reported studies. Many genes can affect the prognosis of MM. We analyzed some of them in 110 MM and 112 controls using PCR-RFLP. TNFα-308 AA and LTA-252 GG had lower frequency while MDR1–1236 TT had higher frequency in MM. TNFα-308 AA and LTA-252 GG were significantly associated with higher OS but TP53 codon72 polymorphism CC with lower OS. These findings confirm the association of these genes with prognostic outcome in MM. •Gene polymorphisms consider as one of the tools to predict the prognosis and outcome of multiple myeloma.•TNFα 308 and LTα 252 associated with higher OS in MM but TP53codon72 with lower OS.•Involving these genes as a biomarker test to predicts the risk and outcome for MM patients might help in the treatment decision.