A Comparison of Neighborhood-Scale Interventions to Alleviate Urban Heat in Doha, Qatar

• Published in: Sustainability Vol. 11; no. 3; p. 730
• Main Authors: Ferwati, Salim, Skelhorn, Cynthia, Shandas, Vivek, Makido, Yasuyo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 30.01.2019
• Subjects: Air temperature; Ambient temperature; Cities; Climate change; Climatic conditions; Cooling; Depletion; Heat; High rise buildings; Humidity; Microclimate; Modelling; Neighborhoods; Population; Population density; Recreation areas; Roofing; Surface temperature; Temperature; Urban areas; Urban planning; Urbanization; Qatar
• ISSN: 2071-1050; 2071-1050
• DOI: 10.3390/su11030730

Recent evidence suggests that many densely populated areas of the world will be uninhabitable in the coming century due to the depletion of resources, climate change, and increasing urbanization. This poses serious questions regarding the actions that require immediate attention, and opportunities to stave off massive losses of infrastructure, populations, and financial investments. The present study utilizes microclimate modeling to examine the role of landscape features as they affect ambient temperatures in one of the fastest growing regions of the world: Doha, Qatar. By modeling three study sites around Doha—one highly urbanized, one newly urbanizing, and one coastal low-density urbanized—the research indicates that at the neighborhood scale, the most effective scenario was that of adding mature trees along the sides of roads. In the coastal study area, the model results estimated a maximum hourly air temperature reduction of 1.35 °C, and in the highly urbanized inland site, surface temperature reductions were up to 15 °C at 12:00. While other scenarios were effective at reducing air and surface temperatures, the mean radiant temperature was also increased or nearly neutral for most of the other scenarios. This result highlights the need to develop improved shading measures for pedestrian pathways and outdoor recreational areas, especially for highly urbanized inland areas in Doha and cities with similar climatic conditions.