How the Carbonization Time of Sugarcane Biomass Affects the Microstructure of Biochar and the Adsorption Process?

Biochars (BCs) are very versatile adsorbents, mainly, in the effectiveness of adsorption of organic and inorganic compounds in aqueous solutions. Here, the sugarcane biomass (SCB) was used to produce biochar at different carbonization times: 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 h, denominated as BC1, BC2, BC3, BC4, an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inSustainability Vol. 14; no. 3; p. 1571
Main Authors Fonseca, Gabriel Cabral da, Oliveira, Marilene Silva, Martins, Carlos Vinicius Costa, de Souza, João Carlos Perbone
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.02.2022
Subjects
Adsorbates
Adsorbents
Adsorption
Aqueous solutions
Biomass
Carbonization
Cellulose
Charcoal
Dyes
Energy conservation
Experiments
Inflection points
Inorganic compounds
Lignin
Lignocellulose
Methylene blue
Microscopy
Nitrogen
Spectrum analysis
Sugarcane
Sustainability
Weight loss
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Summary:Biochars (BCs) are very versatile adsorbents, mainly, in the effectiveness of adsorption of organic and inorganic compounds in aqueous solutions. Here, the sugarcane biomass (SCB) was used to produce biochar at different carbonization times: 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 h, denominated as BC1, BC2, BC3, BC4, and BC5, respectively. The superficial reactivity was studied with adsorption equilibrium experiments and kinetics models; Methylene Blue (MB) was used as adsorbate at different pH values, concentrations, and temperatures. In summary, the carbonization time provides the increase of superficial area, with exception of BC4, which decreased. Equilibrium studies showed inflection points and fluctuations with different initial dye concentration and temperature; SCB showed the best adsorption capacity compared to the BCs at the three temperatures tested, varying with the increase of MB concentration, suggesting the dependence of these two main factors on the adsorption process. The proposed adsorption mechanism suggests the major influence of Coulomb interactions, H-bonding, and π-interactions on the adsorption of MB onto adsorbents, evidencing that the adsorption is led by physical adsorption. Therefore, the results led to the use of the SCB without carbonization at 200 °C, saving energy and more adsorbent mass, considering that the carbonization influences weight loss. This study has provided insights of the use of SCB in MB dye adsorption as a low-cost and eco-friendly adsorbent.
ISSN:2071-1050
2071-1050
DOI:10.3390/su14031571