Least squares data fitting

It is desired to represent, as good as possible, a series of data by means of certain functions with free parameters. "As good as possible" means that these parameters are chosen so that the residuals, the difference between data and fitting functions, be as small as it is feasible. Our ob...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inCiencias marinas Vol. 28; no. 1; pp. 79 - 105
Main Author Ripa, P
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Spanish
Published Universidad Autónoma de Baja California 01.03.2002
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Summary:It is desired to represent, as good as possible, a series of data by means of certain functions with free parameters. "As good as possible" means that these parameters are chosen so that the residuals, the difference between data and fitting functions, be as small as it is feasible. Our objective is not limited to finding the parameters of the best fit, but we also wish to know something about their uncertainties, this is, how well they are determined, given the errors of the original data as well as the imperfection of the fitting. Finally, supposing that we use the parameters of the fit in the calculation of other variables, we also want to have an estimation of the uncertainties of the latter. In order to do that, we imagine basic properties, which we call "hypothesis", and then proceed from there with mathematical rigor. It is not superfluous to remember that the conclusions at wich we arrive depende on the hyphotheses done throughout the way, including the idea that useful information can be extracted from a least squares fit, of those data by these functions.Original Abstract: Se desea representar, lo mejor posible, una serie de datos por medio de ciertas funciones con parametros libres. "Lo mejor posible" significa que estos parametros se eligen de manera que los residuos -la diferencia entre los datos y las funciones que se les ajustan- sean tan pequenos como se pueda. Nuestro objetivo no se limita a encontrar los parametros del mejor ajuste, sino que tambien deseamos saber algo sobre sus incertidumbres, esto es, que tan bien estan determinados, dados tanto los errores de los datos originales como la imperfeccion del ajuste. Finalmente, suponiendo que utilizamos los parametros del ajuste en el calculo de otras variables, queremos tambien tener una estimacion de las incertidumbres de estas ultimas. Para poder avanzar, imaginamos propiedades basicas a las que llamamos "hipotesis", y de ahi procedemos con rigor matermatico. No es malo tener presente que las conclusiones a las que lleguemos dependen de las hipotesis hechas a lo largo del camino -incluyendo la idea de que del ajuste por cuadrados minimos de esos datos, por estas funciones, se pueda extraer una informacion util.
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ISSN:0185-3880
2395-9053
DOI:10.7773/cm.v28i1.204