Minimizing the Health Risks from Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils by Using Electric Field-Based Treatment for Soil Remediation

• Published in: Sustainability Vol. 10; no. 1; p. 253
• Main Authors: Istrate, Irina, Cocârță, Diana, Wu, Zucheng, Stoian, Mihaela
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 19.01.2018
• Subjects: Aromatic hydrocarbons; Carcinogens; Contaminants; Crude oil; Data processing; Electric fields; Electric potential; Electrochemistry; Environmental health; Health risk assessment; Health risks; Hydrocarbons; Ionic strength; Occupational exposure; Occupational health; Oil pollution; Petroleum hydrocarbons; Pollutant removal; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Public health; Redox potential; Remediation; Risk assessment; Sediment pollution; Soil characteristics; Soil contamination; Soil pollution; Soil remediation; Soil strength; Soil testing; Soil treatment; Sustainability; Toxic substances; Voltage; Zeta potential
• ISSN: 2071-1050; 2071-1050
• DOI: 10.3390/su10010253

The present work addresses the assessment of human health risk from soil contaminated with total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) due to crude oil pollution, with a particular focus on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) group of carcinogenic and toxic substances. Given that the measured risk for human health exceeded the accepted level, the study considered an electrochemical remediation method. The laboratory-scale experiments were conducted by using an electric field-based treatment as a possible solution for the remediation of contaminated soil. After 20 days of treatment, while the voltage applied was 15 V (specific voltage of 1 V/cm), the hydrocarbon content was significantly reduced. The parameters measured to determine the overall remediation efficiency were pH, redox potential, ionic strength, soil characteristics, voltage gradient, and zeta potential. The remediation degree observed during the experiments was around 50% for TPHs and 46% for PAHs. The applied remediation method resulted in significant removal efficiency of the tested contaminants from the soil. Consequently, the human health risk assessment for the new degree of contaminants in the soil was achieved. This data demonstrated to what extent the application of the remediation applied technology ensured an acceptable risk under the same exposure conditions for the industrial workers.