Consumption and Emissions Analysis in Domestic Hot Water Hotels. Case Study: Canary Islands

We analyze the energy consumption of domestic hot water (DHW) in the hotels of the archipelago of the Canary Islands (Spain). Currently, systems use fossil fuels of propane and gas oil. However, this paper analyzes several alternative systems which focus on renewable and mixed energies, such as biom...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inSustainability Vol. 11; no. 3; p. 599
Main Authors Díaz Pérez, Francisco, Díaz Martín, Ricardo, Pérez Trujillo, Francisco, Díaz, Moises, Mouhaffel, Adib
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 23.01.2019
Subjects
Air conditioning
Archipelagoes
Boilers
Carbon dioxide
Carbon footprint
Climate change
Emissions
Energy consumption
Energy efficiency
Footprint analysis
Fossil fuels
Gas oil
Greenhouse gases
Heat
Heat exchangers
Heat pumps
Heating
High temperature
Hot water
Hotels
Hotels & motels
Islands
Occupancy
Photovoltaics
Solar energy
Solar heating
Solar panels
Tourism
Greece
Canary Islands
United Kingdom > UK
United States > US
China
Hong Kong China
Spain
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Summary:We analyze the energy consumption of domestic hot water (DHW) in the hotels of the archipelago of the Canary Islands (Spain). Currently, systems use fossil fuels of propane and gas oil. However, this paper analyzes several alternative systems which focus on renewable and mixed energies, such as biomass, solar thermal and heat pumps systems associated with an electric generation with photovoltaic solar panels for self-consumption. The carbon footprint generated is calculated for each method of generation of DHW. In our analysis, we demonstrate that by using a high-temperature heat pump with an average coefficient of performance (COP) equal to or greater than 4.4 associated with photovoltaic solar panels, a zero-emission domestic hot water system can be achieved, when the installation area of the photovoltaic solar panels is equal to that of the solar thermal system. The importance of DHW’s carbon footprint is proven, as is the efficiency of using high-temperature heat pumps associated with photovoltaic solar panels. As such, such mixed system suggests that the generation of DHW would have zero emissions with maximum annual savings according to hotel occupancy, between 112,417 and 137,644 tons of carbon dioxide (CO2), compared to current boilers based on fossil fuels.
ISSN:2071-1050
2071-1050
DOI:10.3390/su11030599