Influence of Heterogeneous Human Body on Midfield Wireless Power Transfer for Implantable Heart Devices

Midfield wireless power transfer (WPT), using frequencies ranging from sub-GHz to 2 GHz, has recently been introduced as an efficient method to wirelessly transmit power to compact implanted devices. The operating frequency plays a vital role in enhancing the power transfer efficiency (PTE) of such...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inIEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques Vol. 72; no. 3; pp. 2009 - 2018
Main Authors Cho, Youngdae, Basir, Abdul, Lim, Young-Hyo, Yoo, Hyoungsuk
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York IEEE 01.03.2024
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects
Biological effects
Computed tomography
Human body
implantable device
Lead
leadless pacemaker
Loss measurement
Mathematical models
midfield
Muscles
Pacemakers
Permittivity
Transmitters
wireless power transfer (WPT)
Wireless power transmission
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Summary:Midfield wireless power transfer (WPT), using frequencies ranging from sub-GHz to 2 GHz, has recently been introduced as an efficient method to wirelessly transmit power to compact implanted devices. The operating frequency plays a vital role in enhancing the power transfer efficiency (PTE) of such WPT systems. However, the currently developed WPT transmitters and implantable receiver antennas have been designed to operate at frequencies determined by a mathematical equation based on a homogeneous model. Consequently, they are not specifically optimized to accommodate the diverse characteristics of the real human body. To address this issue, more than 30 multilayered tissue realistic models based on real CT images of humans were simulated to define the optimal frequency for real scenarios. The coupling parameter and a newly defined specific absorption rate (SAR) efficiency for each model were calculated by the formula derived from the theory of midfield WPT. The results were then compared with those obtained numerically from realistic body models and validated by experimental measurements using biological phantoms. The results showed that the optimal frequency of midfield WPT for implantable heart devices is significantly influenced by the tissue composition and thickness between the transmitter and the receiver.
ISSN:0018-9480
1557-9670
DOI:10.1109/TMTT.2023.3308628