Efficient Multiple-Group Multiple-Antenna (MGMA) Scheme for High-Speed Railway Viaducts

• Published in: IEEE transactions on vehicular technology Vol. 62; no. 6; pp. 2558 - 2569
• Main Authors: Luo, Wantuan, Fang, Xuming, Cheng, Meng, Zhao, Yajun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY IEEE 01.07.2013; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• Subjects: Antennas; Applied classical electromagnetism; Applied sciences; Arrays; Diffraction, scattering, reflection; Electromagnetic wave propagation, radiowave propagation; Electromagnetism; electron and ion optics; Exact sciences and technology; Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications); High-speed railway (HSR) viaducts; MIMO; multiple group multiple antenna (MGMA); multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channel capacity; Physics; Radiocommunications; Radiowave propagation; Rail transportation; Receiving antennas; Systems, networks and services of telecommunications; Telecommunications; Telecommunications and information theory; Transmission and modulation (techniques and equipments); Transmitting antennas; Wireless communication; Electromagnetic wave scattering; Mobile radiocommunication; MIMO system; Line of sight propagation; multiple group multiple antenna (MGMA); Network architecture; Rail vehicle; Loss system; Long term; Modeling; Beam forming; Learning; Topological structure; multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channel capacity; Transmitting antenna; High speed train; UMTS system; Access network; Rail transportation; Linear antenna arrays; Receiving antenna; Antenna array; High-speed railway (HSR) viaducts; Gain
• ISSN: 0018-9545; 1939-9359
• DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2013.2244106

The capacity of a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channel with N transmit and receive antennas for highspeed railways (HSRs) is analyzed based on the 3-D modeling of the line of sight (LOS). The MIMO system utilizes a uniform linear antenna array. Instead of increasing the number of antennas or simply changing the parameters of the antenna array, such as separation and geometry, the capacity gain can be obtained by adjusting the weights of multiantenna array groups, because there are few scatterers in strong LOS environments. On the other hand, it is hard to obtain the array gain of MIMO beamforming for HSRs because of drastic changes in the receiving angle when the train travels across E-UTRAN Node B. Without changing the antenna design of Long-Term Evolution systems, this paper proposes a multiple-group multiple-antenna (MGMA) scheme that makes the columns of such a MIMO channel orthogonal by adjusting the weights among MGMA arrays, and the stable capacity gain can be obtained. The value of weights depends on the practical network topologies of the railway wireless communication system. However, the reasonable scope of group number N is less than 6. In selecting N, one important consideration is the tradeoff between practical benefit and cost of implementation.