Analysis of Varying-PRI Spotlight SAR Data

• Published in: IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing Vol. 60; pp. 1 - 20
• Main Authors: Zhou, Zi-Xuan, Deng, Yunkai, Wang, Wei, Jia, Xiaoxue, Wang, Robert
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 2022; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Algorithms; Azimuth; Doppler sonar; Doppler spectral distribution; Image resolution; Imaging; preprocessing; Pulse duration; Pulse repetition interval; pulse repetition interval (PRI) variation; Radar; Radar imaging; SAR (radar); Spaceborne radar; spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR); Swath width; Synthetic aperture radar
• ISSN: 0196-2892; 1558-0644
• DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2022.3141545

For ultrahigh-resolution spaceborne spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR), the effective swath width is limited by the severe range migration. By adapting the pulse repetition interval (PRI) according to the change of the slant range, however, the range migration can be substantially reduced, which makes the varying-PRI spotlight mode an attractive solution for future spaceborne SAR missions. This study provides a complete preprocessing framework for the varying-PRI spotlight SAR data, by which data equivalent to uniform sampling can be obtained, so that traditional processing algorithms designed for data on a regular grid can then be applied. Furthermore, in response to the non-ideal focusing results of the spotlight data, an in-depth analysis of the effects of the SAR acquisition geometry and processing algorithms on the Doppler spectral distribution is presented. Finally, a varying transmitted pulse duration scheme is proposed to enhance the performance of the varying-PRI spotlight SAR system.