Quadrature Operating Point Stabilizing Technique for Fiber-Optic Fabry-Perot Sensors Using Vernier-Tuned Distributed Bragg Reflectors Laser

• Published in: IEEE sensors journal Vol. 21; no. 2; pp. 2084 - 2091
• Main Authors: Li, Ang, Jing, Zhenguo, Liu, Yueying, Liu, Qiang, Huang, Zhiyuan, Cheung, Yang, Zhang, Yang, Han, Ming, Peng, Wei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 15.01.2021; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: acoustic sensing system; Ambient temperature; Bragg reflectors; Demodulation; Extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometers; Fabry-Perot interferometer; Fiber lasers; Fiber optics; Laser tuning; Lasers; Optical fiber sensors; Optical fibers; Q-point; Quadratures; Sensors; Temperature sensors; VT-DBR laser
• ISSN: 1530-437X; 1558-1748
• DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2020.3017083

Drift of Quadrature operating point (Q-point) due to variations in ambient temperature restricts the demodulation accuracy of fiber-optic extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (EFPI) sensors. To overcome this challenge, in this paper, we propose and demonstrate a self-stabilizing Q-point system based on Vernier-tuned distributed Bragg reflectors (VT-DBR) laser, the laser wavelength is locked to a point with the maximum slope on the interference spectrum of fiber-optic EFPI sensor. Taking advantage of large-tuning range (40nm) and fast wavelength switching capability (<20ns), we develop a robust EFPI acoustic sensor system with stable Q-point operation. When the EFPI sensor is subject to ambient temperature variations, we use an FPGA to implement the fast laser wavelength switching of the laser and automatic Q-point locking that ensure Q-point stability. The operating point drift from Q-point is obtained by dc voltage output changes. Experimental results indicate that stabilizing Q-point of the EFPI sensor is effectively realized during the temperature changes between 27-32°C. Without the stabilization method, the deviation is up to 85.5% of dc voltage output at operating point from Q-point value. With the stabilization method, the deviation is less than 0.68%. This self-stabilizing Q-point method based on VT-DBR laser has a strong ability to resist ambient temperature variations, and provides a novel solution to Q-point drift of fiber-optic EFPI sensors.