Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia With Temporal Artery Eosinophilia: A Case Report

• Published in: Vascular and endovascular surgery p. 15385744231184333
• Main Authors: Carvalho Lujan, Ricardo Augusto, de Melo Mascarenhas, Diego Antonio, de Amorim Aquino, Maurício, Costa Menezes, Aline, Pereira de Souza Filho, Marcelo Luis, Costa Sampaio Silva, Fernanda, Godeiro Fernandez, Miguel, Silveira Alves, Carlos Alberto, Aras Júnior, Roque
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.01.2024
• Subjects: eosinophilia; Angiolymphoid hyperplasia; vascular; proliferative disorder
• ISSN: 1938-9116
• DOI: 10.1177/15385744231184333

Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia (ALHE) is a benign vascular proliferative disorder with uncertain etiology and pathogenesis. The aim of this paper is to report a case of ALHE in the temporal artery and discuss the general aspects of this pathology. A 29-year-old female black patient sought the Vascular Surgery Outpatient Service, complaining of bulging in the right temporal region, associated with pain and local discomfort. Physical examination revealed pulsatile bulging in the right temporal region measuring approximately 2.5 × 1.5 cm. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance showed an expansive fusiform lesion in the superficial soft parts of the right temporal region, measuring 2.9 cm in the longest longitudinal axis. Surgical excision proved to be the best therapeutic option for the patient in this case. Histopathological sections showed the proliferation of vessels of different sizes, covered by swollen endothelium, prominent inflammatory infiltrate composed of lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils, and scarce histiocytes. Immunohistochemical analysis of the lesion showed positivity for CD31, corroborating the diagnosis of ALHE.