Zero-Forcing Beamforming for RIS-Enhanced Secure Transmission

• Published in: IEEE transactions on vehicular technology Vol. 72; no. 10; pp. 1 - 6
• Main Authors: Wang, Zhenni, Zhao, Xiaolan, Tang, Jie, Zhao, Nan, So, Daniel K. C., Zhang, Xiu Yin, Wong, Kai-Kit
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01.10.2023; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Algorithms; Array signal processing; Beamforming; Design optimization; Downlink; Eavesdropping; Electronic mail; Null space; physical layer security; Reconfigurable intelligent surface; Security; Signal to noise ratio; Transmitting antennas
• ISSN: 0018-9545; 1939-9359
• DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2023.3272866

This article considers a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) enhanced multi-antenna secure transmission system in the presence of both active eavesdroppers (AEves) and passive eavesdroppers (PEves). We propose a zero-forcing (ZF) beamforming strategy that can steer transmit beam to the null space of AEves' channel, while simultaneously enhancing the SNRs for a legitimate user equipment (UE) and PEves without perfect channel state information (CSI). The design goal is to maximize the SNR of UE subject to the transmit power constraint at the BS, SNR limitations on PEves, and reflection constraints at RIS. Due to the complexity of modeling, we first introduce a homogeneous Poisson point process (HPPP) to imitate the distribution of spatially random PEves, which derives a complicated non-convex problem. We then develop an efficient alternating algorithm where the transmit beamforming vector and the reflective beamforming vector are obtained by convex-concave procedure (CCP) and semi-definite relaxation (SDR) technique, respectively. Simulation results validate the performance advantages of the proposed optimized design.