Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials in Flames

• Published in: Eurasian chemico-technological journal Vol. 13; no. 1-2; pp. 5 - 16
• Main Author: Z. Mansurov
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: al-Farabi Kazakh National University 01.01.2011
• ISSN: 1562-3920; 2522-4867
• DOI: 10.18321/ectj59

Usage of combustion processes for production of target products is less common than the application of catalytic processes. However, there are known examples of production of carbon black, HCl, TiO2 etc. Some research work was done at the Institute of Combustion Problems (Almaty, Kazakhstan) consider the synthesis in flame of carbon nanomaterials: fullerenes, nanotubes and soot nanobeads with superhydrophobic surface. An alternative of fullerenes and nanotubes synthesis in arc discharge of graphite is the method using  stationary hydrocarbon flames. Flame is a self-sustaining system in which the hydrocarbons can be precursors of carbon nanomaterials, and the heat released during combustion, is a parameters of the process control. It is known that PAH are nucleation centers of forming soot i.e. PAH can be converted into either soot or fullerenes. The formation of CNTs occurs in diffusion flames from the fuel side and is initiated by transition metals particles. The paper presents data on the formation of fullerenes and carbon nanotubes as well as soot with the superhydrophobic surface, obtained on nickel and silicon supports in benzene-oxygen and propane-oxygen diffusion flames. New results regarding the synthesis of superhydrophobic surface with a contact angle 135-175° have great practical interest as anti-corrosion additives to various materials.