EAPT: Efficient Attention Pyramid Transformer for Image Processing

• Published in: IEEE transactions on multimedia Vol. 25; pp. 50 - 61
• Main Authors: Lin, Xiao, Sun, Shuzhou, Huang, Wei, Sheng, Bin, Li, Ping, Feng, David Dagan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Piscataway IEEE 2023; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Ablation; attention mechanism; classification; Communication; Convolutional neural networks; Costs; Encoding; Feature extraction; Formability; Image classification; Image processing; Image segmentation; Modules; object detection; Object recognition; Patches (structures); pyramid; Semantic segmentation; Semantics; Task analysis; Transformer; Transformers
• ISSN: 1520-9210; 1941-0077
• DOI: 10.1109/TMM.2021.3120873

Recent transformer-based models, especially patch-based methods, have shown huge potentiality in vision tasks. However, the split fixed-size patches divide the input features into the same size patches, which ignores the fact that vision elements are often various and thus may destroy the semantic information. Also, the vanilla patch-based transformer cannot guarantee the information communication between patches, which will prevent the extraction of attention information with a global view. To circumvent those problems, we propose an Efficient Attention Pyramid Transformer (EAPT). Specifically, we first propose the Deformable Attention, which learns an offset for each position in patches. Thus, even with split fixed-size patches, our method can still obtain non-fixed attention information that can cover various vision elements. Then, we design the Encode-Decode Communication module (En-DeC module), which can obtain communication information among all patches to get more complete global attention information. Finally, we propose a position encoding specifically for vision transformers, which can be used for patches of any dimension and any length. Extensive experiments on the vision tasks of image classification, object detection, and semantic segmentation demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed model. Furthermore, we also conduct rigorous ablation studies to evaluate the key components of the proposed structure.