Machine Learning in Operating of Low Voltage Future Grid

The article is a continuation of the authors’ ongoing research related to power flow and voltage control in LV grids. It outlines how the Distribution System Operator (DSO) can use Machine Learning (ML) technology in a future grid. Based on supervised learning, a Selectively Coherent Model of Conver...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inEnergies (Basel) Vol. 15; no. 15; p. 5388
Main Authors Mroczek, Bartłomiej, Pijarski, Paweł
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.08.2022
Subjects
AC-DC converters
artificial neural networks
Battery Energy Storage System (BESS)
Boundary conditions
Dynamic control
Energy industry
Energy storage
feedforward neural network
Learning algorithms
Low voltage
LV grid
Machine learning
Neural networks
Objective function
Power flow
Regression analysis
regression models
Storage systems
Voltage
Poland
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Summary:The article is a continuation of the authors’ ongoing research related to power flow and voltage control in LV grids. It outlines how the Distribution System Operator (DSO) can use Machine Learning (ML) technology in a future grid. Based on supervised learning, a Selectively Coherent Model of Converter System Control for an LV grid (SCM_CSC) is proposed. This represents a fresh, new approach to combining off and on-line computing for DSOs, in line with the decarbonisation process. The main kernel of the model is a neural network developed from the initial prediction results generated by regression analysis. For selected PV system operation scenarios, the LV grid of the future dynamically controls the power flow using AC/DC converter circuits for Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). The objective function is to maintain the required voltage conditions for high PV generation in an LV grid line area and to minimise power flows to the MV grid. Based on the training and validation data prepared for artificial neural networks (ANN), a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 0.15% BESS and 0.51–0.55% BESS 1 and BESS 2 were achieved, which represents a prediction error level of 170–300 VA in the specification of the BESS power control. The results are presented for the dynamic control of BESS 1 and BESS 2 using an ANN output and closed-loop PID control including a 2nd order filter. The research work represents a further step in the digital transformation of the energy sector.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en15155388