On Bandwidth Constrained Distributed Detection of a Known Signal in Correlated Gaussian Noise

• Published in: IEEE transactions on vehicular technology Vol. 69; no. 10; pp. 11428 - 11444
• Main Authors: Maleki, Nahal, Vosoughi, Azadeh
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01.10.2020; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Bandwidths; Bernoulli random variables; Cathode ray tubes; communication rate constraint; constrained optimization; Constraints; correlated Gaussian noises; Correlation; distributed binary detection; Fading channels; False alarms; Gaussian noise; Independent variables; J-divergence maximization; Neyman-Pearson detection; Optimization; orthogonal fading channels; pure censoring; Random noise; Random variables; Randomization; randomized transmission; Sensors; Wireless communication; Wireless sensor networks
• ISSN: 0018-9545; 1939-9359
• DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2020.3011050

We consider a Neyman-Pearson (NP) distributed binary detection problem in a bandwidth constrained wireless sensor network, where the fusion center (FC) makes a final decision about the presence or absence of a known signal in correlated Gaussian noises. Our goals are (i) to investigate whether or not randomized transmission can improve detection performance, under communication rate constraint, and (ii) to explore how the correlation among observation noises impacts performance. We propose two novel schemes that combine the concepts of censoring and randomized transmission (which we name CRT schemes) and compare them with pure censoring scheme. In CRT (pure censoring) schemes we map randomly (deterministically) a sensor's observation to a ternary transmit symbol <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">u_k \in \lbrace -1,0,1\rbrace</tex-math></inline-formula> where "0" corresponds to no transmission (sensor censors). We model the randomization in CRT schemes using two independent Bernoulli random variables with parameters <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">g,f</tex-math></inline-formula>. Assuming sensors transmit over orthogonal fading channels, we formulate and address two system-level constrained optimization problems: in the first problem we minimize the probability of miss detection at the FC, subject to constraints on the probabilities of transmission and false alarm at the FC; in the second (dual) problem we minimize the probability of transmission, subject to constraints on the probabilities of miss detection and false alarm at the FC. The optimization variables include <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">g,f</tex-math></inline-formula>. Both problems are non-convex and their solutions can be found via exhaustive search. Seeking to shed some light on the qualitative behavior of randomization, we propose methods to find sub-optimal solutions of the original problems and study the relation between these solutions. Through analysis and numerical evaluations, we explore and provide the conditions under which CRT schemes outperform pure censoring scheme.