On the Nonlinear Distortion Characterization in Photovoltaic Modules for Visible Light Communication

• Published in: IEEE photonics technology letters Vol. 33; no. 24; pp. 1467 - 1470
• Main Authors: Chen, Shuyan, Liu, Liqiong, Chen, Lian-Kuan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 15.12.2021; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Bit error rate; Compensation; Distortion; Energy harvesting; Illuminance; Illumination; Light emitting diodes; Lighting; Modulation; Modules; Nonlinear distortion; nonlinear photovoltaic conversion; Nonlinearity; Optical communication; Optical distortion; Photovoltaic cells; Photovoltaics; Solar panel photodetector; Solar panels; Visible light communication
• ISSN: 1041-1135; 1941-0174
• DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2021.3128680

Photovoltaic (PV) modules have been employed in visible light communication (VLC) for simultaneous energy harvesting and data reception. A PV-based receiver features easy optical alignment and self-powered operation. It is commonly assumed that PV modules in VLC have a linear optical-electrical response, which is generally true under high illumination levels. This letter will illustrate the exacerbated PV's nonlinear distortion when under typical indoor illumination. The nonlinearity of a PV module for different numbers of PV cells is also characterized. We investigated the transmission performance of a 1-Mbit/s PAM4 signal under different illuminance. Experimental results show that the bit-error rate (BER) first decreases and then increases with the increasing illuminance. Thus, an optimal illuminance to minimize BER exists. In addition, we demonstrated two distortion mitigation methods, namely localized distortion compensation lighting and post-distortion compensation. BER reduction from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">3.2 \times 10^{-1} </tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">2.6 \times 10^{-3} </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">2.8 \times 10^{-2} </tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">1.5 \times 10^{-2} </tex-math></inline-formula> are achieved with the two respective schemes.