Infection Dynamics of Dengue Virus in Caco-2 Cells Depending on Its Differentiation Status

Dengue virus (DENV), from the Flaviviridae family, is the causative agent of dengue fever and poses a significant global health challenge. The virus primarily affects the vascular system and liver; however, a growing body of evidence suggests its involvement in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, contr...

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Published inThe journal of microbiology Vol. 62; no. 9; pp. 799 - 809
Main Authors Nam, Jayoung, Lee, Jisu, Kim, Geon A., Yoo, Seung-Min, Park, Changhoon, Lee, Myung-Shin
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Seoul The Microbiological Society of Korea 01.09.2024
Springer Nature B.V
한국미생물학회
Subjects
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cell differentiation
Cell lines
Circulatory system
Dengue fever
Diarrhea
Digestive system
Enterocytes
Gastrointestinal tract
Global health
Human diseases
Infections
Infectivity
Intestine
Life Sciences
Microbiology
Public health
RNA viruses
Vascular system
Vector-borne diseases
Viral diseases
Virology
Viruses
Vomiting
생물학
Dengue virus
Gastrointestinal infection
Caco-2
Dengue fever
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Summary:Dengue virus (DENV), from the Flaviviridae family, is the causative agent of dengue fever and poses a significant global health challenge. The virus primarily affects the vascular system and liver; however, a growing body of evidence suggests its involvement in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, contributing to clinical symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. However, the mechanisms underlying DENV infection in the digestive system remain largely unexplored. Prior research has detected viral RNA in the GI tissue of infected animals; however, whether the dengue virus can directly infect human enterocytes remains unclear. In this study, we examine the infectivity of human intestinal cell lines to the dengue virus and their subsequent response. We report that the Caco-2 cell line, a model of human enterocytes, is susceptible to infection and capable of producing viruses. Notably, differentiated Caco-2 cells exhibited a lower infection rate yet a higher level of virus production than their undifferentiated counterparts. These findings suggest that human intestinal cells are a viable target for the dengue virus, potentially elucidating the GI symptoms observed in dengue fever and offering a new perspective on the pathogenetic mechanisms of the virus.
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ISSN:1225-8873
1976-3794
1976-3794
DOI:10.1007/s12275-024-00161-w